Saemaeul (New Community) Movement
Saemaul Undong was a movement seeking for community development and modernization in rural areas based on three spirits inlcuding 'diligence, self-help and cooperation', and principles of 'we can do it, it can be done.' A combination of top-down (Park's orders and national government) and bottom-up (community participation) strategy, it was started in 1970s by the late president, Park, Chung-hee to bridge the gap between rural and urban areas and develop rural community. It emphasized diversity in income resources; for example, by 1974, rice production was fully autonomous (self-supported).
The Saemaul Movement was expanded to workplaces, schools and organizations.